IL-8

Interleukin 8 (IL-8), also known as CXCL8, which is a chemokine with a defining CXC amino acid motif that was initially characterized for its leukocyte chemotactic activity, is now known to possess tumorigenic and proangiogenic properties as well. This chemokine is secreted by a variety of cell types including monocyte/macrophages, T cells, neutrophils, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and various tumor cell lines in response to inflammatory stimuli (IL1, TNF, LPS, etc). In human gliomas, IL-8 is expressed and secreted at high levels both in vitro and in vivo, and recent experiments suggest it is critical to glial tumor neovascularity and progression. Levels of IL-8 correlate with histologic grade in glial neoplasms, and the most malignant form, glioblastoma, shows the highest expression in pseudopalisading cells around necrosis, suggesting that hypoxia/anoxia may stimulate expression. Interleukin (IL)-8/CXCL8 is a potent neutrophil chemotactic factor.

IL-8 Related Areas

Cancer>>Angiogenesis>>Cytokines/Chemokines in Angiogenesis>>IL-8/CXCL8

Immunology>>Cytokine & Receptor>>Interleukin & Receptor>>Other Interleukin & Receptor>>IL-8/CXCL8

IL-8 Alternative Names

IL-8, CXCL8, LYNAP, NAF, GCP1, GCP-1, LECT, LUCT, MDNCF, MONAP, NAP-1, NAP1

Summaries for IL-8

Entrez Gene summary for IL8:

The IL-8 protein encoded by this IL8 gene is a member of the CXC chemokine family. This IL-8 chemokine is one of the major mediators of the inflammatory response. This IL-8 chemokine is secreted by several cell types. It functions as a chemoattractant, and is also a potent angiogenic factor. This IL8 gene is believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis, a common respiratory tract disease caused by viral infection. This IL8 gene and other ten members of the CXC chemokine gene family form a chemokine gene cluster in a region mapped to chromosome 4q.

OMIM - description for IL-8:

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a member of the CXC chemokine family (Hull et al., 2001). These small basic heparin-binding proteins are proinflammatory and primarily mediate the activation and migration of neutrophils into tissue from peripheral blood. For background information on chemokines, see CXCL1.

Wikipedia summary for IL-8:

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a chemokine produced by macrophages and other cell types such as epithelial cells. IL-8 is also synthesized by endothelial cells, which store IL-8 in their storage vesicles, the Weibel-Palade bodies.In humans, the IL-8 protein is encoded by the IL8 gene. There are more receptors of the surface membrane capable to bind IL-8; the most frequently studied types are the G protein-coupled serpentine receptors CXCR1, and CXCR2. Expression and affinity to IL-8 is different in the two receptors (CXCR1 > CXCR2). Toll-like receptors are the receptors of the innate immune system. These receptors recognize antigen patterns (like LPS in gram negative bacteria). Through a chain of biochemical reactions, IL-8 is secreted and is an important mediator of the immune reaction in the innate immune system response.

Human IL-8 Protein General Information

 

• Protein names: Interleukin-8, Short name=IL-8
• Sequence length: 99 AA.
• Domain: Signal
• Sequence similarities: Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family.
• Post-translational modification: Several N-terminal processed forms are produced by proteolytic cleavage after secretion from at least peripheral blood monocytes, leukcocytes and endothelial cells. In general, IL-8(1-77) is referred to as interleukin-8. IL-8(6-77) is the most promiment form.
• Subunit structure: Homodimer.
• Subcellular location: Secreted.

General information above from UniProt

Function for IL-8 Protein

UniProtKB:

IL-8 is a chemotactic factor that attracts neutrophils, basophils, and T-cells, but not monocytes. IL-8 is also involved in neutrophil activation. IL-8 is released from several cell types in response to an inflammatory stimulus. IL-8(6-77) has a 5-10-fold higher activity on neutrophil activation, IL-8(5-77) has increased activity on neutrophil activation and IL-8(7-77) has a higher affinity to receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 as compared to IL-8(1-77), respectively.

Genatlas:

• IL-8 is neutrophil activating peptide 1, monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor
• IL-8 is involved in the benign prostatic hyperplasia
• functioningas a chemoattractant, and IL-8 is also a potent angiogenic factor
• potential role of IL-8 to determine the fate of other inflammatory molecules, such as IL18, within the inflammatory milieu of the cystic fibrosis lung
• chemokine with a defining CXC amino acid motif, known to possess tumorigenic and proangiogenic properties