XPNPEP2

Aminopeptidase P (APP) is a hydrolase specific for N-terminal imido bonds, which are common to several collagen degradation products, neuropeptides, vasoactive peptides, and cytokines. A membrane-bound and soluble form of this enzyme (XPNPEP2) have been identified as products of two separate genes. XPNPEP2, the X-linked gene that encodes membranous aminopeptidase P (APP), has been reported to associate with APP activity. The membrane aminopeptidase P (XPNPEP2) is largely limited in distribution to endothelia and brush border epithelia. APP and XPNPEP2 contain homologous blocks of sequence common to members of the "pita bread-fold" protein family, of which Escherichia coli methionine aminopeptidase is the prototype. The C-2399A variant in XPNPEP2 is associated with reduced APP activity and a higher incidence of AE-ACEi. XPNPEP2 mRNA was detected in fibroblasts that carry the translocation, suggesting that this gene at least partially escapes X inactivation. XPNPEP2 is a candidate gene for premature ovarian failure (POF).

XPNPEP2 Related Areas

Enzyme>>Protease & Regulator>>Other Proteases>>XPNPEP2

XPNPEP2 Alternative Names

XPNPEP2, RP4-753P9.2, APP2 [Homo sapiens]

Xpnpep2, RP23-351G20.1, 9030008G12Rik, mAPP [Mus musculus]

Summaries for XPNPEP2

Entrez Gene summary for XPNPEP2:

Aminopeptidase P is a hydrolase specific for N-terminal imido bonds, which are common to several collagen degradation products, neuropeptides, vasoactive peptides, and cytokines. Structurally, the enzyme is a member of the 'pita bread fold' family and occurs in mammalian tissues in both soluble and GPI-anchored membrane-bound forms. A membrane-bound and soluble form of this enzyme have been identified as products of two separate genes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Wikipedia summary for XPNPEP2:

Xaa-Pro aminopeptidase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the XPNPEP2 gene.
Aminopeptidase P is a hydrolase specific for N-terminal imido bonds, which are common to several collagen degradation products, neuropeptides, vasoactive peptides, and cytokines. Structurally, the enzyme is a member of the 'pita bread fold' family and occurs in mammalian tissues in both soluble and GPI-anchored membrane-bound forms. A membrane-bound and soluble form of this enzyme have been identified as products of two separate genes.

Human XPNPEP2 Protein General Information

 

• Protein names: Xaa-Pro aminopeptidase 2
  Short name=XPNPEP2
• Sequence length: 674 AA.
• Domain: Signal
• Sequence similarities: Belongs to the peptidase M24B family.
• Post-translational modification: Heavily glycosylated.
• Subunit structure: Homotrimer.
• Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor › GPI-anchor.
• Tissue specificity: Expressed in kidney, lung, heart, placenta, liver, small intestine and colon. No expression in brain, skeletal muscle, pancreas, spleen, thymus, prostate, testis and ovary.
• Cofactor: Binds 2 manganese ions per subunit
• Catalytic activity: Release of any N-terminal amino acid, including proline, that is linked to proline, even from a dipeptide or tripeptide.

General information above from UniProt

Function for XPNPEP2 Protein

UniProtKB:

XPNPEP2 is a metalloprotease that may play a role in the inflammatory process and other reactions produced in response to injury or infection. XPNPEP2 may also play a role in the metabolism of the vasodilator bradykinin.

Genatlas:

• XPNPEP2 is X-prolyl aminopeptidase, hydrolyzing N terminal imido (Xaa-Pro) bonds
• XPNPEP2 presumably functions in the degradation of both dietary and filtered peptides by intestinal and renal epithelial brush border membranes, respectively
• XPNPEP2 may have unrecognized roles in cell trafficking and in immune function
• XPNPEP2 coinactivates vasodilatator bradykinin in the lung with angiotensin converting enzyme
• XPNPEP2 can hydrolyze bradykinin containing a penultimate proline residue

Homology for human XPNPEP2

• homolog to E.coli methionine amidopeptidase

Phenotype Information for XPNPEP2

• Gene/Locus: XPNPEP2
• Phenotype: {Angioedema induced by ACE inhibitors, susceptibility to}

Phenotype Information for XPNPEP2 from OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man)