Tissue Factor (Coagulation Factor III, CD142)

Tissue factor (TF), also known as coagulation factor III, F3, and CD142, is a single-pass type I membrane protein which belongs to the tissue factor family. Tissue factor is one of the proteins that participate in hemostatic and inflammatory processes. Activated monocytes present in the liver increase expression of tissue factor, and while accumulating in the organ they can intensify inflammation. Tissue factor is the protein that activates the blood clotting system by binding to, and activating, the plasma serine protease, factor VIIa, following vascular injury. Tissue factor is not only the main physiological initiator of normal blood coagulation, but is also important in the natural history of solid malignancies in that it potentiates metastasis and angiogenesis and mediates outside-in signalling. Tissue factor is expressed constitutively by many tissues which are not in contact with blood and by other cells upon injury or activation; the latter include endothelial cells, tissue macrophages, and peripheral blood monocytes. Coagulation Factor III is a transmembrane glycoprotein that localizes the coagulation serine protease factor VII/VIIa (FVII/VIIa) to the cell surface. The primary function of TF is to activate the clotting cascade. The TF:FVIIa complex also activates cells by cleavage of a G-protein coupled receptor called protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2). TF is expressed by tumor cells and contributes to a variety of pathologic processes, such as thrombosis, metastasis, tumor growth, and tumor angiogenesis. As a key regulator of haemostasis and angiogenesis, it is also involved in the pathology of several diseases, including cardiovascular, inflammatory and neoplastic conditions.

Tissue Factor (Coagulation Factor III, CD142) Related Areas

Enzyme>>Protease & Regulator>>Serine Protease & Regulator>>Coagulation Factor III/Tissue Factor/CD142

Stem Cell>>Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSC)>>Hemangioblast>>Endothelial Cell Marker>>Coagulation Factor III/Tissue Factor/CD142

Immunology>>Innate Immunity>>Coagulation>>Coagulation Factor III/Tissue Factor/CD142

Immunology>>Cluster of Differentiation>>Other>>Coagulation Factor III/Tissue Factor/CD142

Cardiovascular>>Coagulation>>Coagulation Factor III/Tissue Factor/CD142

Tissue Factor (Coagulation Factor III, CD142) Alternative Names

Coagulation Factor III, Tissue Factor, CD142, TF, F3, TFA, thromboplastin [Homo sapiens]

Coagulation Factor III, Tissue Factor, CD142, TF, F3, Cf-3, Cf3, AA409063 [Mus musculus]

Summaries for Tissue Factor (Coagulation Factor III, CD142)

Entrez Gene summary for F3:

This F3 gene encodes coagulation factor III which is a cell surface glycoprotein. Tissue factor enables cells to initiate the blood coagulation cascades, and it functions as the high-affinity receptor for the coagulation factor VII. The resulting complex provides a catalytic event that is responsible for initiation of the coagulation protease cascades by specific limited proteolysis. Unlike the other cofactors of these protease cascades, which circulate as nonfunctional precursors, tissue factor is a potent initiator that is fully functional when expressed on cell surfaces. There are 3 distinct domains of this factor: extracellular, transmembrane, and cytoplasmic. Tissue factor is the only one in the coagulation pathway for which a congenital deficiency has not been described. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

OMIM - description for Tissue Factor:

The extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation is initiated by contact of plasma factor VII (F7; 613878) with tissue factor (F3), a cellular membrane glycoprotein that normally is segregated from the bloodstream but can be exposed after tissue injury or newly synthesized in endothelial cells or leukocytes after stimulation by endotoxin and cytokines. Once formed, the tissue factor/factor VII complex converts to a complex of tissue factor and enzymatically active factor VII (F7a); this conversion leads to activation of factors X (F10; 613872) and IX (300746) and prothrombin (176930), and ultimately to formation of fibrin (134570/134580). These processes are regulated by plasma protease inhibitors and by the thrombomodulin (188040)-protein C (612283) pathway. A further regulatory mechanism in the extrinsic pathway is called tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI; 152310). For a review, see Davie et al. (1991). 

Wikipedia summary for Tissue Factor:

Tissue factor, also called platelet tissue factor, factor III, thrombokinase, or CD142 is a protein present in subendothelial tissue, platelets, and leukocytes necessary for the initiation of thrombin formation from the zymogen prothrombin. An incorrect synonym is thromboplastin. In addition to the membrane-bound tissue factor, soluble form of tissue factor was also found which results from alternatively spliced tissue factor mRNA transcripts, in which exon 5 is absent and exon 4 is spliced directly to exon 6.

Human Tissue Factor (Coagulation Factor III, CD142) Protein General Information

 

• Protein names: Tissue factor, Short name=TF
• Sequence length: 295 AA.
• Sequence similarities: Tissue factor belongs to the tissue factor family.
• Subunit structure: Tissue factor interacts with HSPE; the interaction, inhibited by heparin, promotes the generation of activated factor X and activates coagulation in the presence of activated factor VII.
• Subcellular location: Isoform 1: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.
  Isoform 2: Secreted
• Tissue specificity: Lung, placenta and pancreas.
• Involvement in disease: Tissue factor expression is highly dependent upon cell type. Tissue factor can also be induced by the inflammatory mediators interleukin 1 and TNF-alpha, as well as by endotoxin, to appear on monocytes and vascular endothelial cells as a component of cellular immune response.

General information above from UniProt

Function for Tissue Factor (Coagulation Factor III, CD142) Protein

UniProtKB:

Tissue factor initiates blood coagulation by forming a complex with circulating factor VII or VIIa. The [TF:VIIa] complex activates factors IX or X by specific limited protolysis. Tissue factor plays a role in normal hemostasis by initiating the cell-surface assembly and propagation of the coagulation protease cascade.

Genatlas:

• Tissue factor initiates blood coagulation by complexing with FVII or FVIIa
• Tissue factor participates in hemostatic and inflammatory processes
• Tissue factor plays a role in normal hemostasis by initiating the cell-surface assembly and propagation of the coagulation protease cascade
• Tissue factor is prime initiator of blood coagulation playing a critical role in thrombosis and hemostasis
• Tissue factor has an important role in the initiation of coagulation and in the increase in thrombin activity at the site of inflammation (Isada 2010)