SULT1A1

Sulfate conjugation catalyzed by cytosolic sulfotransferase (SULT) enzymes. The SULTs are Phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes that catalyze the addition of a sulfuryl moiety to both endogenous compounds, including steroids and neurotransmitters, and certain xenobiotics, including N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminoflourine and phenolic compounds, like alpha-naphthol. SULTs may be involved in the individual genetic disposition, species differences, and organotropisms for toxicological effects of chemicals. Particularly SULT1A1 (Sulfotransferase family, cytosolic, 1A, phenol-preferring, member 1), a member of the sulfotransferase 1 subfamily, which is a major pathway for drug metabolism in humans. Humans have at least 10 functional SULT genes. There has been an explosion in information on sulfotransferase polymorphisms and their functional consequences. An Arg213His polymorphism in SULT1A1 has a strong influence on the level of enzyme protein and activity in platelets, which have been widely used for phenotyping. Statistically significant associations were observed between the SULT1A1 genotype (Arg213His) and age, obesity and certain neoplasias (mammary, pulmonary, esophageal and urothelial cancer). Furthermore, the polymorphism of the SULT1A1 may be closely associated with breast cancer.

SULT1A1 Related Areas

Enzyme>>Sulfatase & Sulfotransferase>>SULT1A1

SULT1A1 Alternative Names

SULT1A1, OK/SW-cl.88, HAST1/HAST2, MGC131921, MGC5163, P-PST, PST, ST1A1, ST1A3, STP, STP1, TSPST1 [Homo sapiens]

Sult1a1, AI266890, PST, ST1A1, Stp, Stp1 [Mus musculus]

Summaries for SULT1A1

Entrez Gene summary for SULT1A1:

Sulfotransferase enzymes catalyze the sulfate conjugation of many hormones, neurotransmitters, drugs, and xenobiotic compounds. These cytosolic enzymes are different in their tissue distributions and substrate specificities. SULT1A1 gene structure (number and length of exons) is similar among family members. SULT1A1 gene encodes one of two phenol sulfotransferases with thermostable enzyme activity. Multiple alternatively spliced variants that encode two isoforms have been identified for SULT1A1 gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

OMIM - description for SULT1A1:

The SULT1A1 gene encodes a phenol sulfotransferase (STP, or PST) (EC 2.8.2.1), which catalyzes the sulfate conjugation of catecholamines and of phenolic drugs. There are 3 phenol-preferring SULT isoforms encoded by 3 genes, SULT1A1, SULT1A2 , and SULT1A3 , which have also been referred to as STP1, STP2, and STM, respectively. These genes are highly homologous and are located within a 120-kb region on chromosome 16p. SULT enzymes are widely distributed in human and animal tissues, including blood platelets (summary by Raftogianis et al., 1997).

Wikipedia summary for SULT1A1:

Sulfotransferase 1A1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SULT1A1 gene.
Sulfotransferase enzymes catalyze the sulfate conjugation of many hormones, neurotransmitters, drugs, and xenobiotic compounds. These cytosolic enzymes are different in their tissue distributions and substrate specificities. The gene structure (number and length of exons) is similar among family members. This gene encodes one of two phenol sulfotransferases with thermostable enzyme activity. Multiple alternatively spliced variants that encode two isoforms have been identified for this gene.

Human SULT1A1 Protein General Information

 

• Protein names: Sulfotransferase 1A1
  Short name=SULT1A1
• Sequence length: 295 AA.
• Sequence similarities: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family.
• Catalytic activity: 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + a phenol = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + an aryl sulfate.
• Subunit structure: Homodimer.
• Subcellular location: Cytoplasm.
• Tissue specificity: Liver, lung, adrenal, brain, platelets and skin.

General information above from UniProt

Function for SULT1A1 Protein

UniProtKB:

SULT1A1 is sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfate conjugation of catecholamines, phenolic drugs and neurotransmitters. SULT1A1 has also estrogen sulfotransferase activity. responsible for the sulfonation and activation of minoxidil. SULT1A1 is Mediates the metabolic activation of carcinogenic N-hydroxyarylamines to DNA binding products and could so participate as modulating factor of cancer risk.

Genatlas:

• SULT1A1 is aryl (phenol) sulfotransferase 1, phenol preferring, catalyzing the sulphonation of dopamine and p-nitrophenol
• SULT1A1 catalyzes the sulfate conjugation of a wide variety of natural and synthetic compounds
• SULT1A1 is drug and hormone metabolizing enzyme having a potential role as a risk factor for disease

Homology for human SULT1A1

• homolog to murine Sult1a1