Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutic Targets

Protein Name	Alternative Names	BioChemical Class / Role	Products (Cat NO)
			Protein	Antibody	Gene cDNA clones
CD20	MS4A1	A member of the membrane-spanning 4A gene family. CD20 is a B-lymphocyte surface molecule which plays a role in the development and differentiation of B-cells into plasma cells. It is the therapeutic target in the treatment of all B cell lymphomas and leukemias.			HG11007-M
ADRB2	BAR, B2AR, ADRBR, ADRB2R, BETA2AR				HG10378-M
Integrin alpha 4/CD49d	ITGA4.IA4, MGC90518	CD49d is an integrin alpha subunit. It makes up half of the α4β1 lymphocyte homing receptor. Integrins alpha-4/beta-1 (VLA-4) and alpha-4/beta-7 are receptors for fibronectin. On activated endothelial cells integrin VLA-4 triggers homotypic aggregation for most VLA-4-positive leukocyte cell lines. It may also participate in cytolytic T-cell interactions with target cells.			MG50049-M
IFNAR2	IFN-R, IFN-alpha-REC, IFNABR, IFNARB				HG10359-M
PARP-1/PARP	PARP1, ADPRT, ADPRT1, RP11-125A15.2, PPOL, pADPRT-1	Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1(PRAP1), also known as NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase 1(ADPRT), is a chromatin-associated enzyme which modifies various nuclear proteins by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. PARP1 is critical for a wide range of processes, including DNA repair, regulation of chromosome structure, transcriptional regulation, mitosis and apoptosis. It is involved in differentiation, proliferation, and tumor transformation. Additionally, it may participate in the pathophysiology of type I diabetes.	11040-H08B		HG11040-M
TNF-alpha	TNF, TNFA, TNFSF2, DADB-70P7.1, DIF	TNF-alpha (Tumor necrosis factor alpha ), also known as TNF, TNFA or TNFSF2, is the prototypic cytokine of the TNF superfamily, and is a multifunctional molecule involved in the regulation of a wide spectrum of biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and coagulation. TNF-alpha is involved in fighting against the tumorigenesis, thus, is regarded as a molecular insight in cancer treatment.	10602-HNAE, 50349-MNAE	10602-MM01, 10602-R211, 10602-RP03	HG10602-M, MG50349-M
MMP-9/MMP9	CLG4B, GELB, MANDP2	MMP9, also known as 92-kDa gelatinase B/type IV collagenase, is secreted from neutrophils, macrophages. This enzyme degrades various substrates including gelatin, collagen types IV and V, and elastin. MMP9 is involved in a variety of autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis, and be regarded as a potential therapeutic target.	10327-H08H, 10327-HNAE	10327-MM01, 10327-MM02, 10327-RM04, 10327-RM05, 10327-RP03, 10327-RP06	HG10327-M
Bcl-2/BCL2					HG10195-M
IL-1 alpha	IL1F1, IL1A, IL-1A, IL1, IL1-ALPHA	Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is an important cytokine mediator involved in a variety of biological processes including immune responses, inflammatory, and promoting tissue degradation. IL-1 comprises two proteins, designated as IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta which are encoded by distinct genes, and bind the same surface receptors with high affinity. Elevated levels of IL-1 alpha have been associated with a number of chronic disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis and Alzheimer’s disease, and therefore, may provide novel targets for therapeutic approaches aimed at controlling inflammatory processes.	10128-HNCH		HG10128-M, MG50114-M
IL-1 beta	IL1F2, IL1B, IL-1, IL1-BETA	Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is a family of polypeptide cytokines consisting of two agonists, IL-1 alpha (IL-1F1) and IL-1 beta (IL-1F2) encoded by two distinct genes and perform identical biological functions. IL-1 beta is produced by activated macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed to its active form by caspase 1 (CASP1/ICE). This cytokine is an important mediator of the inflammatory response, and is involved in a variety of cellular activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.	10139-HNAE		HG10139-M, MG50101-M
IL1F5	FIL1, FIL1D, IL1L1, IL1HY1, IL1RP3, MGC29840, FIL1(DELTA)				HG10125-M, MG50213-M
IL1F6	FIL1, FIL1E, IL-1F6, MGC129552, MGC129553, IL1(EPSILON), FIL1(EPSILON)				HG10607-M, MG50095-M
IL1F7	FIL1, FIL1Z, IL1H4, IL-1F7, IL-1H4, IL1RP1, IL-1RP1, FIL1(ZETA)				HG10155-M
IL1F8	FIL1, FIL1H, IL1H2, IL-1F8, IL-1H2, IL1-ETA, MGC126880, MGC126882, FIL1-(ETA)				HG10579-M
IL1F9	IL1E, IL1H1, IL-1F9, IL-1H1, IL1RP2, IL-1RP2				HG10124-M, MG50293-M
IL1F10	FKSG75, IL-1HY2, IL1-theta, MGC119831, MGC119832, MGC119833, FIL1-theta				HG10122-M
CXCL2/MIP-2	CINC-2a, GRO2, GROb, MGSA-b, MIP-2a, MIP2, MIP2A, SCYB2				HG10586-M, MG50070-M
p38 alpha/MAPK14	p38, CSBP1, CSBP2, Mxi2, PRKM14, PRKM15, RK, CSPB1, SAPK2A, EXIP, RP1-179N16.5	Four alternatively spliced transcript variants of p38 have been reported, p38 alpha (also known as MAPK14) is the best characterized isoform. p38 alpha/MAPK14 is activated following exposure to products of microbial pathogens, physical-chemical stimuli and cytokines. Furthermore, the p38 alpha/MAPK14 has been suggested to play a critical role linking developmental and stress-induced erythropoiesis through regulation of Epo expression.	10081-H08B, 10081-H07B, 10646-HNCB		HG10081-M, HG10646-M
BLyS/TNFSF13B	BAFF, CD257, DTL, TALL-1, TALL1, THANK, TNFSF20, ZTNF4	Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13B (TNFSF13B), also known as B-Lymphocyte Stimulator (BLyS), B cell-activating factor (BAFF), and CD257, which is a single-pass type II membrane protein. TNFSF13B is a cytokine and serves as a ligand for receptors TNFRSF13B (TACI), TNFRSF17 (BCMA), and TNFRSF13C (BAFFR). It also acts as a potent B cell activator and has been shown to play an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of B cells.	10056-H01H		HG10056-M
Caspase-3	CASP3, CPP32, SCA-1, CPP32B				HG10050-M
CFLAR	CASH, FLIP, MRIT, CLARP, FLAME, Casper, FLAME1, c-FLIP, FLAME-1, I-FLICE, c-FLIPL, c-FLIPR, c-FLIPS, CASP8AP1				HG11110-M
Kallikrein 6	KLK6				MG50255-M
Leptin	LEP	One of the most important adipose-derived hormones, secreted mainly by adipocytes, stomach and placenta. leptin is identified as a metabolic and neuroendocrine mediator, and functions in a variety of biological processes including glucose metabolism, immune and inflammatory responses, bone mass regulation, as well as normal sexual maturation and reproduction. Leptin deficiency is implicated in severe obesity, morbid obesity with hypogonadism and impaired cell-mediated immunity.	10221-HNAE		HG10221-M
MOG	DAQB-92E24.2, MGC26137, MOGIG2	A glycoprotein important in the process of myelinization of nerves in the central nervous system (CNS). It is speculated to serve as a necessary “adhesion molecule” to provide structural integrity to the myelin sheath and is known to develop late on the oligodendrocyte. MOG has a role in demyelinating diseases, such as adrenoleukodystrophy, vanishing white matter disease, and multiple sclerosis (MS).	10364-H08E		HG10364-M, RG10706-M
NFkB1	KBF1, EBP-1, MGC54151, NFKB-p50, NFKB-p105, NF-kappa-B, DKFZp686C01211				HG10212-M
Osteopontin	OPN, BSP-1, SPP1, ETA-1	An extracellular structural protein expressed in bone as well as in other tissues. Osteopontin plays a role in bone remolding through anchoring osteoclasts to the mineral matrix of bones. It is also reported to act as a multifunctional modulator of immune responses. Manipulation of plasma Osteopontin levels may be useful in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, cancer metastasis, osteoporosis and some forms of stress.	10352-H08H		HG10352-M, MG50116-M