LYPLA2

Lysophospholipase II (LYPLA2, LPL-II, or LysoPLA II), also known as Acyl-protein thioesterase 2 (APT-2), belongs to the AB hydrolase 2 family. This enzyme has lysophospholipase activity, and may hydrolyze fatty acids from S-acylated cysteine residues in proteins such as trimeric G alpha proteins or HRAS. Acyl-protein thioesterase 1 (APT-1) and Acyl-protein thioesterase 2 (APT-2) are cytosolic lysophospholipid hydrolyzing enzymes. The serum activity of APT-1 may play an important role in determination of the concentration of des-acyl ghrelin in circulation, especially under septic inflammation. APT-2/LYPLA2 is expressed both in CHO-K1 and HeLa cells and its overexpression increased the deacylation rate of single acylated GAP-43 and affected the steady-state localization of diacylated GAP-43 and H-Ras. Thus, the results demonstrate that APT-2/LYPLA2 is the protein thioesterase involved in the acylation/deacylation cycle operating in GAP-43 subcellular distribution.

LYPLA2 Related Areas

Cardiovascular>>Lipid Metabolism>>LYPLA2

LYPLA2 Alternative Names

LYPLA2, RP5-886K2.5, APT-2, DJ886K2.4 [Homo sapiens]

Lypla2, RP23-161N17.9, LysoII [Mus musculus]

Summaries for LYPLA2

Entrez Gene summary for LYPLA2:

Lysophospholipases are enzymes that act on biological membranes to regulate the multifunctional lysophospholipids. There are alternatively spliced transcript variants described for this gene but the full length nature is not known yet.

OMIM - description for LYPLA2:

Wikipedia summary for LYPLA2:

2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholines are a class of phospholipids that are intermediates in the metabolism of lipids. Because they result from the hydrolysis of an acyl group from the sn-1 position of phosphatidylcholine, they are also called 1-lysophosphatidylcholine (or 1-lysoPC, in short). The synthesis of phosphatidylcholines with specific fatty acids occurs through the synthesis of 1-lysoPC. The formation of various other lipids generates 1-lysoPC as a by-product. Other synonyms for this class of compounds are 2-acylglycero-3-phosphocholine, 1-lyso-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, β-lysophosphatidylcholine, 2-acylglycerophosphocholine, L-1-lysolecithin and 1-lecithin.

Human LYPLA2 Protein General Information

 

• Protein names: Recommended name: Acyl-protein thioesterase 2 Short name=APT-2
• Sequence length: 231 AA.
• Sequence similarities: Belongs to the AB hydrolase 2 family.
• Catalytic activity: Palmitoyl-protein + H2O = palmitate + protein.
• Subcellular location: Cytoplasm

General information above from UniProt

Function for LYPLA2 Protein

UniProtKB:

May hydrolyze fatty acids from S-acylated cysteine residues in proteins such as trimeric G alpha proteins or HRAS. Has lysophospholipase activity

Genatlas:

• LYPLA catalyses the hydrolysis of lysoglycerophospholipids with liberation of a fatty acid

Homology for human LYPLA2

• ortholog to murine Lypla2
• homolog to rattus Lypla2
• homolog to Drosophila CG18815
• homolog to Xenopus Xl.8625
• homolog to C.elegans K04G2.5