IL-1 beta

Interleukin-1 beta (IL1 beta or IL-1 beta) also known as catabolin, is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. IL1 is a pleiotropic cytokine. It is involved in the inflammatory response, cell growth, and tissue repair in the cortex. The IL1 superfamily consists of three members, IL1A (IL1 alpha), IL-1 beta (IL1 beta), and IL1 receptor antagonist (IL1Ra). In clinical, it has been reported that Interleukin (IL)-1 may influence Th1 / Th2 immune responsiveness and has been implicated in the establishment of successful pregnancy. Proinflammatory interleukin (IL)-1 gene polymorphisms associated with high levels of IL-1beta activity increase the risk for hypochlorhydria and distal gastric carcinoma. IL-1 beta polymorphisms may be involved in susceptibility to SSc. Moreover, the IL2-384-G allele may be a marker for the limited phenotype of systemic sclerosis (SSc).

IL-1 beta Related Areas

Cancer>>Angiogenesis>>Cytokines/Chemokines in Angiogenesis>>IL-1 beta/IL-1F2

Immunology>>Adaptive Immunity>>T Cell>>Helper T Cell>>IL-1 beta/IL-1F2

Immunology>>Cytokine & Receptor>>Interleukin & Receptor>>IL-1 superfamily and IL-1R/TLR family >>IL-1 beta/IL-1F2

IL-1 beta Alternative Names

IL-1 beta, IL1F2, IL1B, IL-1, IL1-BETA

Summaries for IL-1 beta

Entrez Gene summary for IL-1 beta:

The protein encoded by IL1B gene is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. This cytokine is produced by activated macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed to its active form by caspase 1 (CASP1/ICE). This cytokine is an important mediator of the inflammatory response, and is involved in a variety of cellular activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2/COX2) by this cytokine in the central nervous system (CNS) is found to contribute to inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. IL1B gene and eight other interleukin 1 family genes form a cytokine gene cluster on chromosome 2.

OMIM - description for IL-1 beta:

Interleukin-1(IL-1 beta), produced mainly by blood monocytes, mediates the panoply of host reactions collectively known as acute phase response (summary by March et al., 1985). IL-1 beta is identical to endogenous pyrogen. The multiple biologic activities that define IL1 are properties of a 15- to 18-kD protein that is derived from a 30- to 35-kD precursor.

Wikipedia summary for IL-1 beta:

Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β,IL-1 beta) also known as catabolin, is a cytokine protein that in humans is encoded by the IL-1 beta gene. IL-1 beta precursor is cleaved by caspase 1 (interleukin 1 beta convertase). Cytosolic thiol protease cleaves the product to form mature IL-1 beta.

Human IL-1 beta Protein General Information

 

• Protein names: Interleukin-1 beta , Short name=IL-1 beta
• Sequence length: 269 AA.
• Domain: The similarity among the IL-1 precursors suggests that the amino ends of these proteins serve some as yet undefined function.
• Sequence similarities: Belongs to the IL-1 family.
• Subunit structure: Monomer.
• Subcellular location: Secreted. Note: The lack of a specific hydrophobic segment in the precursor sequence suggests that IL-1 is released by damaged cells or is secreted by a mechanism differing from that used for other secretory proteins.

General information above from UniProt

Function for IL-1 beta Protein

UniProtKB:

Produced by activated macrophages, IL-1 beta stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, and fibroblast growth factor activity. IL-1 beta proteins are involved in the inflammatory response, being identified as endogenous pyrogens, and IL-1 beta are reported to stimulate the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells.

Genatlas:

• IL-1 beta is the potential initiator and amplificator of the immune and inflammatory response
• IL-1 beta putatively stimulates osteoclastogenesis
• IL-1 beta induces the association of TRAF6 with IRAK1, involved in the inflammatory response
• IL-1 beta is involved in the negative regulation of cell proliferation

Homology for human IL-1 beta

• homolog to dog IL1B (65.15 pc)
• homolog to chimpanzee IL1B (96.28 pc)
• homolog to rattus Il1b (68.05 pc)
• homolog to murine Il1b (69.55 pc)

Phenotype Information for IL-1 beta

• Gene/Locus: IL-1 beta,IL1B
• Phenotype: {Gastric cancer risk after H. pylori infection}

Phenotype Information for IL-1 beta from OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man)

Drugs for IL-1 beta

Target	Drug Name	Disease	Drug Status
IL-1 beta	Gallium nitrate	Hypercalcemia	Approved
IL-1 beta	Glucosamine	Osteoarthritis	Approved
IL-1 beta	Canakinumab	Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes	Approved
IL-1 beta	Canakinumab	Urticaria; Vasculitis	Phase II
IL-1 beta	Ibudilast	Opioid-Related Disorders, Diabetic neuropathy	Phase II
IL-1 beta	Celastrol	Motor neuron disease/amyotropic lateral sclerosis	Preclinical

Drugs for IL-1 beta from TTD (Therapeutic Targets Database)