IGF1

IGF1 belongs to the insulin family. It is similar to insulin in function and structure and is a member of a family of proteins involved in mediating growth and development. IGF1 is processed from a precursor, bound by a specific receptor, and secreted. Defects in IGF1 gene are a cause of insulin-like growth factor I deficiency. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. The insulin-like growth factors are structurally and functionally related to insulin but have a much higher growth-promoting activity. IGF1 may be a physiological regulator of [1-14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) transport and glycogen synthesis in osteoblasts. It also stimulates glucose transport in rat bone-derived osteoblastic (PyMS) cells and is effective at much lower concentrations than insulin, not only regarding glycogen and DNA synthesis but also with regard to enhancing glucose uptake. Defects in IGF1 are the cause of insulin-like growth factor I deficiency (IGF1 deficiency). IGF1 deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by growth retardation, sensorineural deafness and mental retardation.

IGF1 Related Areas

Cancer>>Growth Factor & Receptor>>IGF System>>IGF-1/IGF-I

Immunology>>Innate Immunity>>Monocyte/Macrophage>>Macrophage Marker>>IGF-1/IGF-I

IGF1 Alternative Names

IGF-1, IGF-I, IGF-1, IGF1A, IGFI, IGF-IA, IGF-IB, MGF [Homo sapiens]

Igf-1, Igf-I, Igf1, C730016P09Rik [Mus musculus]

Summaries for IGF1

Entrez Gene summary for IGF1:

The IGF1 protein encoded by this IGF1 gene is similar to insulin in function and structure and is a member of a family of proteins involved in mediating growth and development. The encoded IGF1 protein is processed from a precursor, bound by a specific receptor, and secreted. Defects in this gene are a cause of insulin-like growth factor I deficiency. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009]

OMIM - description for IGF1:

The somatomedins, or insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), comprise a family of peptides that play important roles in mammalian growth and development. IGF1 mediates many of the growth-promoting effects of growth hormone (GH; 139250).

Early studies showed that growth hormone did not directly stimulate the incorporation of sulfate into cartilage, but rather acted through a serum factor, termed 'sulfation factor,' which later became known as 'somatomedin' (Daughaday et al., 1972). Three main somatomedins have been characterized: somatomedin C (IGF1), somatomedin A (IGF2; 147470), and somatomedin B (193190) (Rotwein, 1986; Rosenfeld, 2003).

Wikipedia summary for IGF1:

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is also called somatomedin C is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGF1 gene. IGF1 has also been referred to as a "sulfation factor" and its effects were termed "nonsuppressible insulin-like activity" (NSILA) in the 1970s.

IGF1 is a hormone similar in molecular structure to insulin. It plays an important role in childhood growth and continues to have anabolic effects in adults. A synthetic analog of IGF1, mecasermin is used for the treatment of growth failure.IGF1 consists of 70 amino acids in a single chain with three intramolecular disulfide bridges. IGF1 has a molecular weight of 7649 daltons.

Human IGF1 Protein General Information

 

• Protein names: Insulin-like growth factor I, Short name=IGF-I
• Sequence length: 195 AA.
• Sequence similarities: IGF1 belongs to the insulin family
• Subunit structure: Secreted.
• Sequence caution: The sequence CAA27250.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous gene model prediction.
• Involvement in disease: Defects in IGF1 are the cause of insulin-like growth factor I deficiency (IGF1 deficiency) [MIM:608747]. IGF1 deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by growth retardation, sensorineural deafness and mental retardation.

General information above from UniProt

Function for IGF1 Protein

UniProtKB:

The insulin-like growth factors(IGF1), isolated from plasma, are structurally and functionally related to insulin but have a much higher growth-promoting activity. May be a physiological regulator of [1-14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) transport and glycogen synthesis in osteoblasts. Stimulates glucose transport in rat bone-derived osteoblastic (PyMS) cells and is effective at much lower concentrations than insulin, not only regarding glycogen and DNA synthesis but also with regard to enhancing glucose uptake.

Genatlas:

• IGF1, inducer of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase survival pathway through activation of AKT1, AKT2
• IGF1 is associated with increased BCL2 expression
• IGF1 is also inducer of calcineurin mediated signaling and activation of GATA2
• IGF1 induces myoblast differentiation, in part, by increasing SOCS3 expression
• IGF1 is potent mitogen for both normal and malignant prostate epithelial cells
• IGF1 is important regulator of cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis
• IGF1 has role in the polarization of hippocampal neurons
• IGF1 may have specific roles in axonal growth and myelination
• circulating IGF-I may play a role in the age-related reduction of certain cognitive functions
• IGFI is a physiological regulator of brain amyloid levels
• IGFI can reverse vascular endothelial cells arrested at G0/G1 (Pubmed 19715680)
• IGF1 and epidermal growth factor (EGF) play important roles in the regulation of cell metabolism in response to different internal as well as external stimuli (Pubmed 21099256)
• IGF1 may play a role in the function of the endocrine pancreas and in the pathogenesis of the diabetes mellitus (Pubmed 21099256)
• IGF1 is required for purkinje cells survival in the neonatal cerebellum (Pubmed 20596079)

Homology for human IGF1

• ortholog to Igf1, Mus musculus
• ortholog to igf1, Danio rerio
• ortholog to Igf1, Rattus norvegicus
• ortholog to IGF1, Pan troglodytes

Phenotype Information for IGF1

• Gene/Locus: IGF1
• Phenotype: Growth retardation with deafness and mental retardation due to IGF1 deficiency

Phenotype Information for IGF1 from OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man)