IDO2

IDO2 belongs to the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase family. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxgyenase (IDO), is a cytosolic haem protein which, together with the hepatic enzyme tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, catalyzes the conversion of tryptophan and other indole derivatives to kynurenines. In addition to classic IDO (IDO1), a new variant, IDO2, has recently been described. IDO2 is expressed in liver, small intestine, spleen, placenta, thymus, lung, brain, kidney, and colon. IDO is widely distributed in human tissues, its physiological role is not fully understood but is of great interest. IDO can be up-regulated via cytokines such as interferon-gamma, and can thereby modulate the levels of tryptophan, which is vital for cell growth. In humans and mice, the IDO1 and IDO2 genes are present tandemly in a tail-to-head arrangment on chromosome 8. In lower vertebrates such as zebrafish and toads only a single IDO gene may be present that may be more IDO2-like in structure. This closer relationship to IDO2 suggests that IDO2 may actually be the ancestor of the better characterized IDO1 gene, and that IDO1 might have been generated by gene duplication of IDO2 before the origin of tetrapods in mammalian evolutionary history. IDO2 catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan catabolism.

IDO2 Related Areas

Enzyme>>Other>> IDO2

IDO2 Alternative Names

INDOL1, IDO-2, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-like 1 protein, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-like protein 1, indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3 dioxygenase-like 1, indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase-like protein 1 [Homo sapiens]

C230043N17, AI265623, C230043N17Rik, Ido-2, Indol1, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-like protein 1, indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3 dioxygenase-like 1 [Mus musculus]

Summaries for IDO2

Entrez Gene summary for IDO2:

Along with the enzymes encoded by the INDO (MIM 147435) and TDO2 (MIM 191070) genes, the enzyme encoded by the INDOL1 gene metabolizes tryptophan in the kynurenine pathway (Ball et al., 2007 [PubMed 17499941])

OMIM - description for IDO2:

Along with the enzymes encoded by the INDO (IDO1; 147435) and TDO2 (191070) genes, the enzyme encoded by the INDOL1 gene metabolizes tryptophan in the kynurenine pathway

Wikipedia summary for IDO2:

Human IDO2 Protein General Information

 

• Protein names: Recommended name: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2 Short name=IDO-2
• Sequence length: 407 AA.
• Catalytic activity: L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine
• Sequence similarities: Belongs to the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase family.
• Cofactor: Binds 1 heme group per subunit
• Enzyme regulation: Activity is inhibited by D-1MT (1-methyl-D-tryptophan) and MTH-trp (methylthiohydantoin-DL-tryptophan) but not L-1MT (1-methyl-L-tryptophan).
• Pathway: Amino-acid degradation; L-tryptophan degradation via kynurenine pathway; L-kynurenine from L-tryptophan: step 1/2.
• Tissue specificity: Detected in liver, small intestine, spleen, placenta, thymus, lung, brain, kidney, and colon

General information above from UniProt

Function for IDO2 Protein

UniProtKB:

Catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan catabolism

Genatlas:

• IDO catalyses the conversion of tryptophan to kynurenine
• IDO is involved in the regulation of the diversity of physiological and patho-physiological processes in which the kynurenine pathway is involved