GITR (TNFRSF18)

GITR, also known as TNFRSF18(CD357), belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R) superfamily. It is the receptor for TNFSF18. GITR plays a key role in dominant immunological self-tolerance maintained by CD25(+)CD4(+) regulatory T cells. GITR may be involved in interactions between activated T-lymphocytes and endothelial cells and in the regulation of T-cell receptor-mediated cell death. GITR and its ligand are important costimulatory molecules in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. It also mediates NF-kappa-B activation via the TRAF2/NIK pathway.

GITR (TNFRSF18) Related Areas

 

GITR (TNFRSF18) Alternative Names

RP5-902P8.2, AITR, CD357, GITR, GITR-D, TNF receptor superfamily activation-inducible protein, activation-inducible TNFR family receptor, glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 18 [Homo sapiens]

RP23-118E21.6, AITR, Gitr, glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 18 [Mus musculus]

Summaries for GITR (TNFRSF18)

Entrez Gene summary for GITR:

This gene encodes a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily. GITR has been shown to have increased expression upon T-cell activation, and it is thought to play a key role in dominant immunological self-tolerance maintained by CD25(+)CD4(+) regulatory T cells. Knockout studies in mice also suggest the role of this receptor is in the regulation of CD3-driven T-cell activation and programmed cell death. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants of this GITR gene encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]

OMIM - description for GITR:

Members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF; 191160) and TNF receptor (TNFR) superfamilies, such as GITR, regulate diverse biologic functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. For further background information on the TNF and TNFR superfamilies, see TNFRSF1A (191190).

Wikipedia summary for GITR:

Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 18 (TNFRSF18) also known as activation-inducible TNFR family receptor (AITR) or glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNFRSF18 gene.

Human GITR (TNFRSF18) Protein General Information

 

• Protein names: Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 18
• Sequence length: 241 AA.
• Sequence similarities: GITR contains 3 TNFR-Cys repeats.
• Induction: Up-regulated in peripherical mononuclear cells after antigen stimulation/lymphocyte activation.
• Subunit structure: GITR binds to TRAF1, TRAF2, and TRAF3, but not TRAF5 and TRAF6. Binds through its C-terminus to SIVA1/SIVA.
• Subcellular location: Isoform 1: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Isoform 2: Secreted.
• Tissue specificity: GITR is expressed in lymph node, peripheral blood leukocytes and weakly in spleen.

General information above from UniProt

Function for GITR (TNFRSF18) Protein

UniProtKB:

GITR is receptor for TNFSF18. GITR seems to be involved in interactions between activated T-lymphocytes and endothelial cells and in the regulation of T-cell receptor-mediated cell death. GITR mediates NF-kappa-B activation via the TRAF2/NIK pathway.

Genatlas:

• GITR is involved in regulation of T cell receptor-mediated cell death
• GITR may be involved in interactions between activated T-lymphocytes and endothelial cells and in the regulation of T-cell receptor-mediated cell death