Diabetes Therapeutic Targets

Protein Name	Alternative Names	BioChemical Class / Role	Products (Cat NO)
			Protein	Antibody	Gene cDNA clones
ADRA1A					HG10404-M
DPP4/CD26	DPPIV, ADABP, ADCP2, TP103	Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DPPIV/DPP4/CD26), is a highly conserved type II integral membrane protein associated with immune regulation, signal transduction and apoptosis. Elevated expression of DPPIV is associated with autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. The levels of DPP4 soluble form in serum and body fluids have clinical significance in patients with cancer, liver, kidney diseases and depression.	10688-H01H, 10688-HNCH		HG10688-M
Insulin Receptor/CD220	HHF5	The insulin receptor (INSR), also known as CD220, is a transmembrane receptor that is activated by insulin. Defects in INSR are the cause of Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome (Mendenhall syndrome), insulin resistance (Ins resistance), leprechaunism (Donohue syndrome ), and familial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia 5 (HHF5). It may also be associated with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).	11081-H08H		HG11081-M
Integrin alpha 4/CD49d	ITGA4.IA4, MGC90518	CD49d is an integrin alpha subunit. It makes up half of the α4β1 lymphocyte homing receptor. Integrins alpha-4/beta-1 (VLA-4) and alpha-4/beta-7 are receptors for fibronectin. On activated endothelial cells integrin VLA-4 triggers homotypic aggregation for most VLA-4-positive leukocyte cell lines. It may also participate in cytolytic T-cell interactions with target cells.			MG50049-M
PRKAA2/AMPK					HG10394-M
TNF-alpha	TNF, TNFA, TNFSF2, DADB-70P7.1, DIF	TNF-alpha (Tumor necrosis factor alpha ), also known as TNF, TNFA or TNFSF2, is the prototypic cytokine of the TNF superfamily, and is a multifunctional molecule involved in the regulation of a wide spectrum of biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and coagulation. TNF-alpha is involved in fighting against the tumorigenesis, thus, is regarded as a molecular insight in cancer treatment.	10602-HNAE, 50349-MNAE	10602-MM01, 10602-MM02, 10602-RP03	HG10602-M, MG50349-M
AKT1					HG10763-M, HG10763-M
AKT1S1/PRAS40					HG10092-M
AKT2					HG10764-M
AKT3	DKFZp434N0250, PKB-GAMMA, PKBG, PRKBG, RAC-PK-gamma, RAC-gamma, STK-2	V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 3, also known as AKT3 and protein kinase B gamma (PKBγ), is a member of the AKT, also called PKB, serine/threonine protein kinase family. The members of AKT family are involved in a wide variety of biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, tumorigenesis, as well as glycogen synthesis and glucose uptake.This kinase has been shown to be stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), insulin, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1).	10765-H09B		HG10765-M
CDK4					HG10732-M
GCK					HG11078-M
PDPK1	PDK1, PRO0461, MGC20087, MGC35290
JNK1/MAPK8	JNK, JNK1A2, JNK21B1/2, PRKM8, SAPK1	Mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MAPK8), also known as JNK1, is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAPK8 is activated by threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation by either of two dual specificity kinases, MAP2K4 and MAP2K7. MAPK8 is also involved in UV radiation induced apoptosis, which is thought to be related to cytochrom c-mediated cell death pathway. In addition, JNK1, together with JNK2, are required for polarized differentiation of T-helper cells into Th1 cells.	10795-H09B		HG10795-M, MG50009-M
JNK2/MAPK9	JNK2A, JNK2ALPHA, JNK2B, JNK2BETA, PRKM9, p54aSAPK, SAPK, p54a, NK-55	Mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 (MAPK9), also well known as c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK2), is a member of MAP kinase subfamily belonging to the protein kinase superfamily. MAPK9 responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors, such as c-Jun and ATF2. It is most closely related to MAPK8, both of which are involved in UV radiation induced apoptosis.	10745-H08B		HG10745-M
JNK3/MAPK10	FLJ12099, FLJ33785, JNK3A, MGC50974, PRKM10, p493F12, p54bSAPK				HG10626-M
IGFBP1	AFBP, IBP1, IGF-BP25, PP12, hIGFBP-1				MG50041-M
PLTP	HDLCQ9				HG11171-M
ERK2	MAPK1, MAPK2, ERK, ERT1, P42MAPK, PRKM1, PRKM2, p38, p40, p41, p41mapk				HG10030-M
CD95L	FASLG, APT1LG1, CD178, FASL, TNFSF6				HG10244-M
Fetuin-A	AHSG, A2HS, AHS, FETUA, HSGA	Fetuin-A is a member of cystatin superfamily of protease inhibitors. It is closely associated with tumor progression and resistance to chemotherapy in established cancers, as well as host immune suppression. In addition, it has been shown that fetuin A inhibits both insulin receptor autophosphorylation and undesirable calcification, and plays a role in bone development, calcium homeostasis, regulation of soft tissue calcification, and insulin sensitivity.	10318-H08H, 50093-M08H	10318-MM02, 10318-RP01, 10318-RP03	HG10318-M, MG50093-M
PTEN	BZS,  MHAM,  TEP1,  MMAC1,  PTEN1,  10q23del,  MGC11227				HG10421-M
NPY	PYY4				HG10946-M
Acrp30	ADIPOQ, ACDC, ADPN, APM1, APM-1, GBP28, ACRP30, adiponectin				HG10772-M
CFLAR	CASH,  FLIP,  MRIT,  CLARP,  FLAME,  Casper,  FLAME1,  c-FLIP,  FLAME-1,  I-FLICE,  c-FLIPL,  c-FLIPR,  c-FLIPS,  CASP8AP1				HG11110-M