> Cluster of Differentiation (CD) Antigen & CD Antibody Cluster of Differentiation (CD) Antigen & CD Antibody
Sino Biological offers a comprehensive set of tools for Cluster of Differentiation (CD) molecule related research. including:
| Product / Species | Human | Mouse | Rat | Cynomolgus |
| Recombinant Proteins | 206 | 86 | 1 | 3 |
| Antibodies | 178 | 56 | - | - |
| ORF cDNA Clones | 174 | 76 | - | 1 |
Cluster of Differentiation (CD) Products Index
Please click the molecular formulas to find products that you are interested.
* Available soon.
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Cluster of Differentiation (CD) Antigen Background
The cluster of differentiation (or cluster of designation), often abbreviated as CD, is a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules present on white blood cells (cells of the immunie system). The cluster of differentiation nomenclature was proposed for the classification of the many monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) generated by different laboratories around the world against epitopes on the surface molecules of leukocytes. Since then, the use of cluster of differentiation has expanded to many other cell types, and for humans CD is numbered up to 350 most recently (as of 2009).
The cluster of differentiation nomenclature describes different monoclonal antibodies from different sources that recognize identical antigens. The proposed surface molecule is assigned a CD number once two specific monoclonal antibodies are shown to bind to the molecule. A small letter w before the number designation stands for "workshop", which indicates that the CD designation is tentative
The cluster of differentiation antigens are membrane proteins mainly expressed on leukocytes. A small number are also expressed on endothelial cells, erythrocytes，and stem cells. CD antigens are commonly used as cell markers, allowing cells to be defined based on what molecules are present on their surface. For example, two commonly-used cluster of differentiation molecules are CD4 and CD8, which are, in general, used as markers for two different subtypes of T-lymphocytes, helper and cytotoxic T cells, respectively. CD4 is specifically recognized and bound by HIV, leading to viral infection and destruction of CD4+ T cells. The relative abundance of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells is often used to monitor the progression of an HIV infection. Detection the expression of CD antigens is supposed to be developed as diagnosis methods in some diseases, such as cardiovascular disease.
Cluster of differentiation molecules are not merely markers on the cell surface. Cluster of differentiation molecules can act in numerous ways and are important for immune reactions of organisms. They often act as receptors or ligands important to the cell, initiating a signal cascade and altering the behavior of the cell. Some cluster of differentiation proteins do not play a role in cell signaling, but have other functions, such as cell adhesion.
Cluster of Differentiation (CD) Antigen Related Studies
- Sakamoto K, et al. (2009) Expression of cluster of differentiation 9 glycoprotein in benign and malignant parotid gland tumours. J Laryngol Otol Suppl. (31):58-63.
- Lal S, et al. (2009) Using antibody arrays to detect microparticles from acute coronary syndrome patients based on cluster of differentiation (CD) antigen expression. Mol Cell Proteomics. 8(4):799-804.
- Woolfson A, et al. (2006) The application of CD antigen proteomics to pharmacogenomics. Pharmacogenomics 7(5):759-71.