Carbonic Anhydrase XIV

The carbonic anhydrases (or carbonate dehydratases) are classified as metalloenzyme for its zinc ion prosthetic group and form a family of enzymes that catalyze the rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and protons, a reversible reaction that takes part in maintaining acid-base balance in blood and other tissues. The carbonic anhydrasekl (CA) family consists of at least 11 enzymatically active members and a few inactive homologous proteins. CAXIV is a member of CA family that showed an overall similarity of 29–46% to other active CA isozymes. The highest percentage similarity was with a transmembrane CA isoform, CAXII. The CAXIV was found high concentrations in human heart, brain, liver, and skeletal muscle but lower in the colon, small intestine, urinary bladder, and kidney. No CAXIV mRNA was seen in the salivary gland and pancreas. CAXIV is a likely candidate for the extracellular CA postulated to have an important role in modulating excitatory synaptic transmission in brain.

Carbonic Anhydrase XIV Related Areas

Enzyme>>Carbonic Anhydrase>>Carbonic Anhydrase XIV

Carbonic Anhydrase XIV Alternative Names

Carbonic Anhydrase XIV, CAXiV, CA14 [Homo sapiens]

Carbonic Anhydrase XIV, Carbonic Anhydrase 14, Car14, AW536446 [Mus musculus]

Summaries for Carbonic Anhydrase XIV

Entrez Gene summary for Carbonic Anhydrase XIV:

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They participate in a variety of biological processes, including respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and gastric acid. They show extensive diversity in tissue distribution and in their subcellular localization. CA XIV is predicted to be a type I membrane protein and shares highest sequence similarity with the other transmembrane CA isoform, CA XII; however, they have different patterns of tissue-specific expression and thus may play different physiologic roles.

OMIM - description for Carbonic Anhydrase XIV:

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs), such as CA14, are zinc metal enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. See CA1 (114800) for additional information about the CA family.

Wikipedia summary for Carbonic Anhydrase XIV:

Carbonic anhydrase 14 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA14 gene.Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They participate in a variety of biological processes, including respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and gastric acid. They show extensive diversity in tissue distribution and in their subcellular localization. CA XIV is predicted to be a type I membrane protein and shares highest sequence similarity with the other transmembrane CA isoform, CA XII; however, they have different patterns of tissue-specific expression and thus may play different physiologic roles. In melanocytic cells CA14 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.

Human Carbonic Anhydrase XIV Protein General Information

 

• Protein names: Recommended name: Carbonic anhydrase 14
• Sequence length: 337 AA.
• Domain
• Sequence similarities: Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family.
• Cofactor: Zinc
• Enzyme regulation: Activated by histamine, L-adrenaline, L- and D-histidine, and L- and D-phenylalanine. Inhibited by coumarins, saccharin, sulfonamide derivatives such as acetazolamide (AZA) and Foscarnet (phosphonoformate trisodium salt).
• Subcellular location: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein
• Tissue specificity: High expression in all parts of the central nervous system and lower expression in adult liver, heart, small intestine, colon, kidney, urinary bladder and skeletal muscle.

General information above from UniProt

Function for Carbonic Anhydrase XIV Protein

UniProtKB:

Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide.

Genatlas:

• carbonic anhydrase 14. reversibly hydrating Co2 in cellular ion transport and pH homeostasis
\

Homology for human Carbonic Anhydrase XIV

• homolog to CA12,highly