Beta-Amyloid / Abeta Protein (APP Protein)

Amyloid beta (A4) Precursor Protein

Beta-Amyloid / Abeta Products

Beta-Amyloid / Abeta Protein, Recombinant

Molecule	Species	Description	Cat. No
Beta-Amyloid/Abeta/APP	Human	Amyloid beta Precursor Protein/APP/Fc Protein, Recombinant	10703-H02H
Beta-Amyloid/Abeta/APP	Human	Beta-Amyloid 40 Protein, Recombinant, with GST Tag	10703-H20E1
Beta-Amyloid/Abeta/APP	Human	Beta-Amyloid 42 Protein, Recombinant, with GST Tag	10703-H20E2

  10703-H02H: The IC₅₀ value is < 1.2 nM. Measured by its ability to inhibit trypsin cleavage of a fluorogenic peptide substrate, Mca-RPKPVE-Nval-WRK(Dnp)-NH2, (R&D Systems, Catalog # ES002).

Beta-Amyloid / Abeta cDNA Clone

Molecule	Species	Description	Cat. No
Beta-Amyloid/Abeta/APP	Human	Homo sapiens Amyloid beta Precursor Protein/APP cDNA Clone	HG10703-M
Beta-Amyloid/Abeta/APP	Mouse	Mus musculus Amyloid beta Precursor Protein/APP cDNA Clone	MG50402-M

Beta-Amyloid / Abeta Related Areas

Immunology>>Innate Immunity>>Acute Phase Proteins>>Beta-Amyloid/Abeta/APP

Beta-Amyloid / Abeta Alternative Names

ABETA, APPI, protease nexin II, PN2, AAA, ABPP, AD1, CTFgamma, CVAP [Homo sapiens]

Abeta, betaAPP, protease nexin II, AL024401, Adap, Cvap, E030013M08Rik, appican [Mus musculus]

Beta-Amyloid / Abeta Background

Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a type I transmembrane protein expressed in many tissues and concentrated in the synapses of neurons, and is suggested as a regulator of synapse formation and neural plasticity. APP can be processed by two different proteolytic pathways. In one pathway, APP is cleaved by β- and γ-secretase to produce the amyloid-β-protein (Aβ, Abeta, beta-amyloid) which is the principal component of the amyloid plaques, the major pathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), while in the other pathway, α-secretase is involved in the cleavage of APP whose product exerts antiamyloidogenic effect and prevention of the Aβ peptide formation. The aberrant accumulation of aggregated beta-amyloid peptides (Abeta) as plaques is a hallmark of AD neuropathology and reduction of Abeta has become a leading direction of emerging experimental therapies for the disease. Besides this pathological function of Abeta, recently published data reveal that Abeta also has an essential physiological role in lipid homeostasis. Cholesterol increases Abeta production, and conversely A beta production causes a decrease in cholesterol synthesis. Abeta may be part of a mechanism controlling synaptic activity, acting as a positive regulator presynaptically and a negative regulator postsynaptically. The pathological accumulation of oligomeric Abeta assemblies depresses excitatory transmission at the synaptic level, but also triggers aberrant patterns of neuronal circuit activity and epileptiform discharges at the network level. Abeta-induced dysfunction of inhibitory interneurons likely increases synchrony among excitatory principal cells and contributes to the destabilization of neuronal networks. There is evidence that beta-amyloid can impair blood vessel function. Vascular beta-amyloid deposition, also known as cerebral amyloid angiopathy, is associated with vascular dysfunction in animal and human studies. Alzheimer disease is associated with morphological changes in capillary networks, and soluble beta-amyloid produces abnormal vascular responses to physiological and pharmacological stimuli.

Beta-Amyloid / Abeta Related Studies

1. Grimm MO, et al. (2007) Amyloid beta as a regulator of lipid homeostasis. Trends Mol Med. 13(8): 337-44.
2. Smith EE, et al. (2009) Beta-amyloid, blood vessels, and brain function. Stroke. 40(7): 2601-6.
3. Gouras GK, et al. (2010) Intraneuronal beta-amyloid accumulation and synapse pathology in Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol. 119(5): 523-41.
4. Palop JJ, et al. (2010) Amyloid-beta-induced neuronal dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease: from synapses toward neural networks. Nat Neurosci. 13(7): 812-8.